The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 was passed by the Lok Sabha on 22 December 1992 and by the Rajya Sabha on 23 December 1992. The President gave his assent on 20 April 1993, and it came into force on 1 June 1993. It granted constitutional status to units of local self-government in urban areas.

On 30 January 1999, Zila Pramukhs were made the chairpersons of the District Rural Development Agencies (DRDA).

Article 243 X (written as 243 भ in Hindi) of the Indian Constitution grants powers to Municipalities to levy, collect, and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls, and fees.

Explanation - To remove the Municipal Chairman from the post, there is a provision for a 'Right to Recall' if the no-confidence motion brought by 1/3 members is passed by a 3/4 majority and gets a majority in the referendum!

Although the number was 10 at the time of the exam question, currently the total number of Municipal Corporations in Rajasthan is 13. These are: Jaipur Heritage, Jaipur Greater, Jodhpur North, Jodhpur South, Kota North, Kota South, Ajmer, Bikaner, Udaipur, Bharatpur, Alwar (2023), Bhilwara (2024), and Pali (2024).

Explanation - Functions listed in the 12th Schedule / 243 (W) - By the 74th Amendment of the Constitution, 18 subjects have been included in the 12th Schedule (Article 243 W): 1. Urban planning, 2. Land use and building construction, 3. Schemes for social development, 4. Construction of roads and bridges, 5. Water supply for domestic, commercial and industrial purposes, 6. Health, sanitation service and solid waste management, 7. Fire services, 8. Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects, 9. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped and mentally retarded, 10. Slum improvement and upgradation, 11. Urban poverty alleviation, 12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds, 13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects, 14. Burials and burial grounds, cremations, cremation grounds and electric crematoriums, 15. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths, 16. Prevention of cruelty to animals, 17. Regulation of slaughterhouses and tanneries, 18. Regulation of slaughterhouses.

The merger of District Rural Development Agencies (DRDA) into Zila Parishads became effective from September 2003.

Explanation - The 'Rajasthan Municipal (Amendment of the provision to increase the number of nominated members) Bill, 2021' replaces clause (ii) of sub-section (1) of section 6 of the Rajasthan Act No. 18 of 2009 with the following: '(ii) persons having special knowledge or experience in municipal administration, 'six persons' in case of Municipal Board, 'eight persons' in case of Municipal Council and 'twelve persons' in case of Municipal Corporation, who shall be nominated by the State Government by notification in the Official Gazette.'

Explanation - The functions of urban local bodies are mentioned in the 12th Schedule of the Indian Constitution. It includes public health, sanitation, fire fighting, and poverty alleviation, whereas Excise rules are a subject of the State Government and do not fall within the purview of urban local bodies.

The committee for Metropolitan Planning is constituted under Article 243 ZE (243 य च in Hindi) of the Constitution of India.

Explanation - Reservation of seats / 243 (T): In every municipal body or municipality, seats will be reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This reservation of seats in each area will be in proportion to the population of these classes in that municipal body area, and the reserved seats will be rotated by turns. One-third of the total seats reserved for these groups in the manner prescribed above shall be reserved for women of these groups. Similarly, at least one-third of the total directly elected seats in the municipal area (including the seats reserved for SC/ST women) shall be reserved for women, and these seats will be rotated by turns in the municipal area.

Cantonment Boards are directly under the control and supervision of the Ministry of Defence, Government of India; therefore, they are administered by the Central Government.

The 12th Schedule of the Indian Constitution pertains to Municipalities, which was added through the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act.

In Rajasthan, there is a military cantonment only in Nasirabad (Ajmer), where a Cantonment Board is established.

The first municipality of Rajasthan was established in Mount Abu in 1864.

The head of the Municipal Corporation is the 'Mayor', who presides over the meetings of the Municipal Corporation.

Article 243 ZC pertains to 'Application to certain areas', whereas the Constitution of District Planning Committee is under Article 243 ZD. Thus, option (D) is not correctly matched.

In Rajasthan, the population threshold for a Municipal Corporation is more than 5 lakhs. It is 1 lakh to 5 lakhs for a Municipal Council and 20,000 to 1 lakh for a Municipality.

Article 243 F (or 243(V)) defines 'Disqualifications for membership' in the constitutional sequence.

Under the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, there is a provision for only three types of municipalities: 1. Nagar Panchayat, 2. Municipal Council (Nagar Parishad), 3. Municipal Corporation (Nagar Nigam). There is no provision for a 'Town Area Committee'.