Given number: 59164823. Descending order: 98654321. Comparing positions, 6 and 4 remain in the same position. Hence the answer is 'Two' (C).

Given number: 7524693. Ascending order: 2345679. Comparing positions, 6 remains in the same position, and checking other digits reveals 2 digits are in the same relative position.

Given number: 5321648. Ascending order: 1234568. Comparing positions, only '8' remains in the same position. Hence the answer is 'One' (B).

Number pairs: 34 = 1 pair. Ans (A)

Since we need 2 letters more than the English alphabet, therefore while forming letter pairs subtract 2 from the related letter. Like when forming pairs for 'M' (13), solve assuming M = (13-2) = 11. Similarly when forming pairs for 'E' (5), solve assuming E = (5-2) = 3. Here while forming pairs there have become some invalid pairs which are: ED, TT, ON. Since a bigger letter forms no pair with the smaller letters or a letter does not form any pair with itself, therefore these three pairs will be invalid. From left to right there is only 1 valid pair which is EI.

Number pairs: 24, 28, 29, 48, 49, 15, 67 = 8 pairs. Ans (C)

In the word INTEGRATION, there are 4 pairs based on the number of letters between them as in the English alphabet.

Since we have been asked the number of pairs in English alphabetical order, therefore we will find out number of pairs only from left to right. Left to right: IM = 1 pair.

Since we need 1 letter more than the English alphabet, therefore while forming letter pairs subtract 1 from the related letter. Like when forming pairs for 'D' (4), solve assuming D = (4-1) = 3. Similarly for 'T' (20) and remaining letters, follow the same procedure. Here both the letter pairs that formed are valid: PT, LM = 2 pairs.

Note:
(1) Number of letters between 'P' and 'T' in English alphabet is 3 (Q, R, S). While number of letters between them in the word 'DIPLOMAT' is (3+1) = 4, hence the pair formed.
(2) Number of letters between 'L' and 'M' in English alphabet is 0. While number of letters between them in the word 'DIPLOMAT' is (0+1) = 1, hence the pair formed.

Left to right: PR, PT, RT = 3 pairs. Right to left: OP = 1 pair. Number of letter pairs according to English alphabetical series (3+1) = 4 pairs. Ans (A)

Given number: 27561493. Descending order: 97654321. Comparing positions, only '7' remains in the same position. Hence the answer is 'One' (B).

Left to right: MR = 1 pair. Right to left: RT, RU, TU = 3 pairs. Number of letter pairs according to English alphabetical series (1+3) = 4 pairs. Ans (A)

Since the letter pairs are asked in English alphabetical order, therefore, two will be added to the value of the letter when forming pairs for it. Left to right: LO, OT = 2 pairs. Ans (A)

Upon calculating the pairs of letters in the word WASTEBASKET, none of the given options match the count, so the answer is 'None of these' (E).

Since we have been asked the number of pairs in English alphabetical series, therefore we will form pairs from both left and right sides. Left to right: IM = 1 pair. Right to left: CI, MP = 2 pairs. Total letter pairs = 1+2=3 pairs.

The place values of letters in 'STUDENT' are: S(19), T(20), U(21), D(4), E(5), N(14), T(20). The pairs formed are: (S,T), (S,U), (T,U), (D,E), (N,T). There are a total of 5 pairs.

Because we need one letter less than the English alphabet, one will be added to the value of the letter when forming pairs for it. Left to right: MT, EN, IO = 3 pairs. Ans (A)

Left to right: DI = 1 pair. Right to left: NO, AD, AE, DE = 4 pairs. Number of letter pairs according to English alphabetical series (1+4) = 5 pairs. Ans (B)

Number of letter pairs according to English alphabetical order = 1 pair. Ans (A)

Left to right: OP, OT, PT = 3 pairs. Right to left: NO, IL, IO, IP, LO, LP, OP = 7 pairs. Number of letter pairs according to English alphabetical series (3+7) = 10 pairs. Ans (D)