History of Rajasthan

Mewar Dynasty

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MEDIUM

Which of the following commanders were sent by Ibrahim Lodi to fight against Rana Sanga in the Battle of Bari?

Miyan Hussain Farmuli and Miyan Makhan

Daulat Khan Lodi and Alam Khan Lodi

Mahmud Lodi and Hasan Khan Mewati

Miyan Hussain Farmuli and Rana Sanga

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is Miyan Hussain Farmuli and Miyan Makhan.
Core Concept: Command Structure at Bari.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Lodi Command:
- After the failure of his direct intervention at Khatoli, Ibrahim Lodi delegated the task of retaliating against Rana Sanga to his trusted generals.
- These commanders, Miyan Hussain Farmuli and Miyan Makhan, faced Sanga at Bari near Dholpur in 1518 AD.

MEDIUM

Regarding the Vijay Stambh (Victory Pillar), which of the following is NOT correctly stated?

It is the official emblem of the Rajasthan Police.

It is the official emblem of the Board of Secondary Education (Rajasthan).

It was the first building in Rajasthan to have a postage stamp issued in 1949.

The architects Jaita and his sons designed it in the 12th century.

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The statement that Jaita and his sons designed it in the 12th century is incorrect.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Fact Correction:
- The Vijay Stambh was built in the 15th century (1440-1448 AD), not the 12th century. The 12th-century structure is the Jain Kirti Stambh.
- The Vijay Stambh serves as the official emblem for the Rajasthan Police and the Board of Secondary Education (Rajasthan).
- It holds the distinction of being the first building in Rajasthan to be featured on an Indian postage stamp in 1949.

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Common Pitfall: Always verify the century. Kumbha's era is the 15th century; the Jain Kirti Stambh predates his architectural era significantly.

MEDIUM

Consider the following statements regarding the Mughal-Mewar Treaty of 1615 AD:

The treaty was signed between Maharana Amarsingh I and Emperor Jahangir's representative, Prince Khurram.
Under the terms, the Maharana was exempted from personal attendance at the Mughal court, with the condition that his son, Kunwar Karn, would attend with a 5,000 Mansab.
The treaty allowed the Maharana to repair and strengthen the Chittorgarh fort to restore its lost glory.
Forced marriage alliances (Vaivahik sambandh) were explicitly excluded from the treaty obligations.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1, 2, and 3 only

1, 2, and 4 only

2, 3, and 4 only

1, 3, and 4 only

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The second and fourth statements are correct, making the set 1, 2, and 4 only the correct choice. The third statement is incorrect because the treaty explicitly forbade the repair or strengthening of the Chittorgarh fort.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

The Treaty Context: Signed on February 5, 1615 AD, this treaty ended the long-standing military struggle between the Mughal Empire and Mewar. It represented a compromise where Mewar accepted Mughal suzerainty but maintained significant autonomy in domestic and matrimonial affairs.
Constraint Breakdown:
- Personal Attendance: The Rana was relieved of the duty to visit the Shahi Darbar, a concession acknowledging the independent spirit of the Mewar rulers.
- The Mansab: Kunwar Karn was granted a 5000 Mansab, a high military and administrative rank, ensuring Mewar's presence in the Mughal hierarchy without the Rana's direct involvement.
- Fortification: The Mughal empire strictly prohibited the strengthening of Chittorgarh to prevent it from becoming a future military base against them.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Aspect	Treaty Provision
Military Service	1,000 cavalry provided to Mughals
Matrimonial Policy	No forced marriage alliances
Administration	Rana retired to 'No-Chauki' tradition

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Common Pitfall: Students often confuse the fortification clause. The Mughals were very sensitive about Chittorgarh due to its strategic and symbolic importance; thus, they explicitly banned its repair in the treaty, a point often tested to check deep reading.

JEN Diploma (TSP) Exam - 16.10.2016

MEDIUM

Between which states did the Sarangpur war (1437 AD) take place-

Mewar-Malwa

Mewar-Marwar

Gujarat-Marwar

Mewar-Chandel

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is Mewar-Malwa.
Core Concept: The Sarangpur War (1437 AD) was a decisive military conflict between the Kingdom of Mewar (led by Maharana Kumbha) and the Malwa Sultanate (led by Sultan Mahmud Khilji), marking a significant victory for the Rajputs.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

The Core Entity: Sarangpur War (1437 AD):
- Primary Cause: The conflict was triggered when Sultan Mahmud Khilji of Malwa gave shelter to Mahpa Panwar and Ekka, who were among the assassins of Rana Mokal (Maharana Kumbha's father).
- The Trigger: Maharana Kumbha demanded the surrender of these refugees, but the Sultan's refusal led to the outbreak of war.
Why It is Correct:
- The battle took place in 1437 AD specifically between the forces of Mewar and the Malwa Sultanate.
- It resulted in a crushing defeat for the Malwa army, and Sultan Mahmud Khilji was taken prisoner by the Mewar forces.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Attribute	Detail	Significance
Key Leaders	Maharana Kumbha (Mewar) vs. Mahmud Khilji (Malwa)	Showcases the military brilliance of Kumbha against the Sultanates.
Outcome	Decisive Mewar Victory	Established Mewar as the dominant power in the region.
Commemoration	Construction of Vijay Stambha (Victory Tower)	Built at Chittorgarh Fort to celebrate this specific victory.
Title Adopted	Vikramaditya	Maharana Kumbha assumed this title after the victory.

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Common Pitfall / Exam Trap: Students often confuse the wars of Maharana Kumbha. Remember that he fought both Malwa and Gujarat. The Sarangpur War is specifically linked to Malwa and the subsequent construction of the Vijay Stambha. Do not confuse it with his conflicts with the Gujarat Sultanate.

Mnemonic Trick / Memory Aid: Use the link: "Sarangpur $\rightarrow$ Victory $\rightarrow$ Tower". Just remember that the Sarangpur win was so great it needed a Tower (Vijay Stambha) to be remembered forever.

Memorable Trivia: Maharana Kumbha is often called the "Hindu Sultan" because of his vast conquests and his ability to maintain a powerful, independent state while surrounding Sultanates were in turmoil. He was also a great scholar and architect, credited with building 32 of the 84 forts in Mewar.

MEDIUM

Assertion (A): Maharawal Shambhu Singh is notably associated with supporting the British during the Man-garh Hill massacre.
Reason (R): His reign occurred during the peak of British-tribal conflicts in Southern Rajasthan in the early 20th century.

Which of the following is correct?

Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is true, but (R) is false.

(A) is false, but (R) is true.

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Core Concept: Man-garh Hill Massacre context.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Logical Link:
- The Man-garh Hill massacre was a pivotal event in tribal history (Bhils). As the ruler of Banswara (1905–1913), Shambhu Singh provided administrative and military support to the British forces against the Bhil agitators. The reason correctly contextualizes his reign within the timeline of this tribal agitation.

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MEDIUM

Match the following historical figures or institutions with their associated domain:

Entity	Domain
A. Sajjan Vani Vilas	1. Social Reform
B. Rajput Hitkarini Sabha	2. Education/Culture
C. Mahandra Sabha	3. Governance/Judiciary

Select the correct matching code:

A-1, B-2, C-3

A-2, B-1, C-3

A-3, B-1, C-2

A-2, B-3, C-1

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is A-2, B-1, C-3.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Entity Breakdown:
- Sajjan Vani Vilas: Established by Maharana Sajjan Singh to promote Education and Culture.
- Rajput Hitkarini Sabha: Founded by Fateh Singh for Social Reform (curbing child marriage, etc.).
- Mahandra Sabha: Established by Sajjan Singh to improve Governance and Judicial Administration.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Entity	Ruler	Primary Function
Sajjan Vani Vilas	Sajjan Singh	Library & Education
Rajput Hitkarini Sabha	Fateh Singh	Social Welfare
Mahandra Sabha	Sajjan Singh	Legal Reform

EASY

Which sculptor is specifically noted for overseeing the renovation of the Eklingji Temple during the reign of Rana Raymal?

Gopal Bhatt

Arjun

Mahesh

Kandhal

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Arjun.
Core Concept: Cultural achievements and temple architecture preservation under Rana Raymal.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Contribution: During the 15th-century rule of Raymal, artistic and religious structures were preserved. The sculptor Arjun is explicitly mentioned in historical records as the overseer of the Eklingji Temple renovation.
Significance: Eklingji is the tutelary deity of the Mewar rulers, making such renovation projects matters of high state priority.

MEDIUM

Consider the following statements regarding the reign of Allat in the Guhil dynasty:

Allat is explicitly known as 'Aalu Rawal' in the regional Khyats.
He expanded the administration by establishing Ahad as a second capital alongside Nagda.
He formed a marital alliance by marrying the Huna princess Hariya Devi.
He was the first ruler to defeat the Rashtrakutas and established the 'Naukarshahi' (Bureaucratic) system in Mewar.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1, 2, and 3 only

2, 3, and 4 only

1, 3, and 4 only

1, 2, 3, and 4

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: All of the provided statements are correct.
Core Concept: The reign of Allat (951-953 AD) marked a significant transition in Mewar's history, moving from purely agrarian roots to a more sophisticated administrative state.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Administrative Innovation: Allat is historically credited as the father of the 'Naukarshahi vyavastha' (Bureaucratic system) in Mewar. This system allowed for a more structured governance, necessitated by the growing commercial importance of Ahad.
Geopolitical Moves: His reign was characterized by strategic consolidation. He not only defeated the Rashtrakutas but also secured a significant political alliance through his marriage with the Huna princess Hariya Devi.
Capital Shift: The development of Ahad into a secondary capital served both economic and security purposes, as it became a thriving commercial hub.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Feature	Historical Context
Ahad Significance	Major commercial hub; served as a second capital for the Guhilas.
Varah Temple	Built by Allat in Ahad; demonstrates religious patronage.
Huna Alliance	Marriage to Hariya Devi illustrates international diplomatic ties.
Dynastic Evolution	Transitioned Mewar from early tribal-like feudatories to a state with an organized Civil Service system.

MEDIUM

Who was the ruler of Pratapgarh who arranged the marriage of his daughter, Anoop Kunwari, to Ajit Singh of Jodhpur?

Pratap Singh

Prithvisinh

Dalpat Singh

Raghunath Singh

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is Prithvisinh.
Core Concept: Marital alliances were a crucial part of Rajput diplomacy, and Prithvisinh utilized these ties with Jodhpur to strengthen political relations.

🧠 Solution Blueprint

Fact Context:
- Prithvisinh is the ruler noted for this alliance.
- Besides this marriage, he is also recognized for introducing Salimshahi coins.
- Pratap Singh is known for marital ties with Bikaner and Jodhpur in a broader sense, but the specific marriage of Anoop Kunwari to Ajit Singh is attributed to Prithvisinh.

MEDIUM

Assertion (A): The control of Idar was crucial for both Mewar and the Gujarat Sultanate as a strategic border outpost.
Reason (R): Gujarat Sultans repeatedly sent military expeditions under commanders like Nizam-ul-Mulk and Mubariz-ul-Mulk to install a pro-Gujarat ruler and curb Mewar's growing regional influence.

Choose the correct code:

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false

Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Core Concept: Geopolitical rivalry and buffer state dynamics between Mewar and Gujarat.

🧠 Solution Blueprint

Logical Deduction:
- Idar served as a vital buffer state between Mewar and Gujarat, making its allegiance critical for regional hegemony.
- The Gujarat Sultanate could not tolerate Rana Sanga placing his favored candidate (Raymal) on the throne, prompting repeated military expeditions to install a pro-Gujarat puppet.

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MEDIUM

Match the following historical figures involved in the post-1707 political environment with their respective roles or designations:

Person	Role / Association
A. Bahadur Shah I	1. Defeated rival for the Mughal throne
B. Azam	2. Originally known as Prince Muazzam
C. Ishwari Singh	3. Ruler who violated the Debari Agreement conditions
D. Sawai Madhosingh	4. Disputed successor whose claim led to Maratha intervention

A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4.
Core Concept: The shifting power dynamics between the Mughal center and Rajput principalities.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

A. Bahadur Shah I (Muazzam): Victor of the Battle of Jajau.
B. Azam: The son of Aurangzeb who lost to Muazzam.
C. Ishwari Singh: The son of Sawai Jai Singh who took the throne in violation of the treaty.
D. Sawai Madhosingh: The son of Chandra Kanwar whose rights were denied, fueling the conflict.

HARD

Consider the following statements regarding the historical life and contributions of Bappa Rawal:

According to Dr. Gauri Shankar Hirachand Ojha, the original name of Bappa Rawal was Kalbhoj.
Bappa Rawal established his capital at Chittor immediately after defeating the ruler Manmori in 734 AD.
He was a devout follower of the Pashupat sect and established the Eklingji temple in Kailashpuri.
The Ranakpur Prashasti mentions that Bappa Rawal and Kalbhoj were two distinct individuals.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1, 2, and 3 only

1, 3, and 4 only

2, 3, and 4 only

1, 2, 3, and 4

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is 1, 3, and 4 only.
Core Concept: Bappa Rawal's historical identification and administrative foundation.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Historical Correction:
- Statement 2 is incorrect because while Bappa Rawal defeated Manmori of Chittor in 734 AD, his designated capital was Nagda, not Chittor.
Name Distinction:
- While Dr. Ojha identifies Bappa Rawal as Kalbhoj, the Ranakpur Prashasti complicates this by differentiating the two, which is a known historiographical debate.
Religious Patronage:
- He was a dedicated follower of the Pashupat sect of Shaivism, heavily influenced by his mentor, Harit Rishi. The construction of the Eklingji (Lakulish) temple remains his most significant cultural legacy in Mewar.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Aspect	Detail	Exam Relevance
Real Founder	Guhil Dynasty	Distinguish from Guhaditya (mythical founder)
Capital	Nagda	Not Chittor (administrative center)
Mentor	Harit Rishi	Pashupat connection
Title	'Hindu Surya'	Symbolic of his defensive military role

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Common Trap: Students often confuse the conquest of Chittor (734 AD) with the capital city of his reign (Nagda). Always check which specific status the question asks for.

EASY

Which of the following sites in Mewar is associated with the architectural patronage of Sangramsingh II (1710-1734 AD)?

Jag Mandir

Vaidyanath Temple

City Palace, Udaipur

Vijay Stambh

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Vaidyanath Temple.
Core Concept: Architectural footprint of Sangramsingh II.

🧠 Solution Blueprint

Historical Fact Check:
- Among the choices, the Vaidyanath Temple in Sisarama is the specific religious monument commissioned by Sangramsingh II.
- Other structures like the City Palace or Jag Mandir are associated with different rulers in the Mewar lineage.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Monument	Founder/Origin
Vaidyanath Temple	Sangramsingh II
Jag Mandir	Maharana Karan Singh (begun) / Jagat Singh I (completed)

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Memorable Trivia: Always associate the Vaidyanath Temple specifically with Sisarama village when recalling Sangramsingh II's architectural works.

MEDIUM

Assertion (A): Prithviraj, also known as 'Uda' Prithviraj, held administrative control over Ajmer.
Reason (R): Being the brother of Rana Sanga, he was granted administrative authority in the Mewar dominion.

Select the correct option:

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

A is true but R is false

A is false but R is true

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Core Concept: Historical administration and kinship.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Logical Link: The assertion establishes his administrative control. The reason provides the context of his kinship with the ruling house of Mewar, which was the standard practice for assigning regional administration to royal princes.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Royal Relation	Role
Prithviraj	Administered Ajmer
Rana Sanga	Sovereign ruler of Mewar
Rana Raymal	King/Father of the royal line

MEDIUM

Consider the following statements regarding the welfare and administrative contributions of Maharana Sajjan Singh:

He established the 'Sajjan Hospital' and 'Walter Zenana Hospital' to enhance public healthcare in Mewar.
The 'Sajjan Vani Vilas' library was founded to promote education and culture.
He was instrumental in establishing the 'Mahandra Sabha' specifically to reform the revenue system of the state.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.
Core Concept: Maharana Sajjan Singh's institutional reforms included healthcare and library foundations, while the Mahandra Sabha was primarily focused on judicial and governance improvements, not solely revenue.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Mahandra Sabha (1880): Established on August 20, 1880, its primary purpose was to improve governance and judicial administration, not limited to revenue. Therefore, statement 3 is incorrect as it misrepresents the scope.
Institutional Legacy: Sajjan Singh significantly invested in modern amenities, naming hospitals after himself and Colonel Walter, and fostering education via the Sajjan Vani Vilas.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Entity	Founding Era	Focus Area
Sajjan Hospital	1872-1884	Public Healthcare
Sajjan Yantralaya	1881	Printing & Media
Rajput Hitkarini Sabha	1889 (Fateh Singh)	Social Reform

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Exam Trap: Always differentiate between the 'Mahandra Sabha' (Judicial/Governance) and the 'Rajput Hitkarini Sabha' (Social Reform). RPSC often swaps their objectives in distractors.

MEDIUM

Which of the following historical records from Maharana Kumbha's era were authored/completed as stated below?

Kirtistambh Prashasti – Atri and Mahesh
Kumbhalgarh Prashasti – Completed in 1460 AD
Eklingmahatmya – Kanh Vyas

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Core Concept: Historical inscriptions (Prashastis) and religious-dynastic texts like Eklingmahatmya are critical evidence of the intellectual atmosphere during Kumbha's reign.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Record Breakdown:
- Kirtistambh Prashasti: Written by the talented pair of Atri and Mahesh.
- Kumbhalgarh Prashasti: A vital epigraphic record accurately dated to 1460 AD.
- Eklingmahatmya: The seminal work by Kanh Vyas detailing the history and significance of the Eklingji temple and the dynasty.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Record	Type	Significance
Kirtistambh Prashasti	Epigraph	Details military triumphs and geneology
Kumbhalgarh Prashasti	Epigraph	Chronological milestone (1460 AD)
Eklingmahatmya	Text	Cultural and historical narrative

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Common Pitfall: Students often confuse the authors of the various Prashastis. Always remember Atri and Mahesh for Kirtistambh (Victory Tower).

EASY

Match the following historical figures or terms related to the 1303 AD siege of Chittor with their correct associations:

Figure/Term	Association
A. Muchala Maldev	1. Commander who attained martyrdom
B. Gora	2. Administrator of Chittor (1316-1326)
C. Malik Muhammad Jayasi	3. Renamed Chittor to Khizrabad
D. Alauddin Khilji	4. Author of 'Padmavat' (1540 AD)

A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: The correct answer is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.
Core Concept: Correct identification of historical personas and their roles in the Chittor episode.

🧠 Solution Blueprint

Muchala Maldev (Maldev Sonagra): Ruled/Administered Chittor after the siege.
Gora: Famous commander/warrior who died fighting alongside Ratan Singh.
Malik Muhammad Jayasi: Wrote the epic Padmavat during Sher Shah Suri's reign.
Alauddin Khilji: Famous for renaming Chittor to Khizrabad.

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Memory Aid: Remember 'Muchala' Maldev as the administrator who stayed long after the initial 1303 conflict (1316-1326).

EASY

Consider the following statements regarding the physical characteristics and sacrifices of Rana Sanga:

Sanga sustained the loss of one eye, one arm, and one leg.
He is remembered for having 80 sword wounds on his body.
Despite these injuries, he did not participate in further combat after his initial major battle.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: 1 and 2 only.
Core Concept: Understanding the extent of Rana Sanga's physical sacrifice.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Physical Toll: Historical accounts emphasize that Sanga was a warrior in the truest sense, suffering from the loss of an eye, an arm, and a leg, compounded by 80 distinct sword wounds.
Combat Readiness: The third statement is incorrect because, per historical accounts, Sanga's spirit was such that even after being wounded in battle, he regained consciousness and prepared himself to fight again, showing that his resolve remained unshaken until his final days.

MEDIUM

Arrange the following stages of the Mewar political crisis involving Krishna Kumari in the correct chronological order:

Maharana Bhimsingh sends the proposal to the ruler of Jodhpur.
Poisoning of Princess Krishna Kumari in 1810 AD.
The death of Maharaja Bhimsingh of Jodhpur.
Engagement/Proposal sent to Maharaja Jagatsingh of Jaipur.

Select the correct sequence:

1, 3, 4, 2

1, 4, 3, 2

3, 1, 4, 2

1, 3, 2, 4

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: 1, 3, 4, 2.
Core Concept: The sequence of events leading to the tragic climax.

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Sequence:
- First, the original proposal was sent to Jodhpur.
- Second, the Jodhpur ruler died before marriage.
- Third, the proposal was redirected to Jaipur.
- Fourth, this led to the war and eventual death of the princess in 1810.

📊 Fact Spotlight

Stage	Event Significance
Step 1	Initial proposal to Jodhpur ruler.
Step 2	Demise of Jodhpur ruler created a vacuum.
Step 3	Redirection to Jaipur incited conflict with Jodhpur.
Step 4	The 1810 'Black Chapter' ends the crisis.

💡 Exam Strategy & Trivia

Tip

Memorable Trivia: This series of events highlights the fragile nature of political alliances in the pre-British era.

HARD

Assertion (A): The coronation of Maharana Pratap at Mahadev Baori in 1572 AD was a revolutionary political act by the nobility of Mewar.
Reason (R): It successfully bypassed the traditional succession line established by Maharana Udai Singh, prioritizing the strategic requirement for a capable leader over rigid seniority.

Choose the correct option:

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is true but (R) is false.

(A) is false but (R) is true.

Explanation

🌟 Quick Verification

Direct Answer: Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

🧠 Concept Blueprint

Historical Logic:
- Assertion (A): Indeed, bypassing the designated heir (Jagmal) was highly unconventional and carried high political risk, representing a significant shift.
- Reason (R): The nobility, having observed the challenges and the Mughal threat, realized that Jagmal lacked the military acumen required, thus supporting the more capable Pratap.

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